I’ve encountered similar errors where the database you are accessing isn’t compatible with Firebird version you are running.  It appears like the database is a ODS (on disk structure) 10.0, which is Interbase  6/Firebird 1.0 and the installed Firebird version is 12.2, which is a version of Firebird 3.x.  Generally, the database will need backed up (GBak) at version 10.0 (Firebird 1.0) and restored at version 12.x (Firebird 3.0) to function properly.  The sub versions generally don’t matter.  E.g – a database at Firebird 2.1.3 can be backed up/restored at Firebird 2.1.7 without issues.

Here are two website explaining more:

http://www.firebirdfaq.org/faq80/

https://www.ibexpert.net/ibe/pmwiki.php?n=Doc.ODSVersion